Figure 3

The actual waveform of the pulse on IBM quantum computer (nairobi), with four subsequent gates \(S_{\gamma}\), with \(\gamma =\alpha ,\beta ,\phi ,\theta \), consecutively. The discretization unit time is \(dt=0.222\text{ ns}\). Driving (level gap) frequency is denoted by D0. The light/dark shading corresponds to in-phase/out-of-phase amplitude component, respectively. The element \(\operatorname{VZ}(\xi )\) is a zero-duration virtual gate \(Z_{\xi}\) for subsequent gates \(S_{\gamma}S_{\delta}\) with \(\xi =\gamma -\delta \) [32]