Figure 9
Effects of parasitics on the Q -parameters of a three-port circulator. The circulator is matched to the external impedance of 50Ω and the matching is optimized for filling factor \(\nu = 8\). We used here \(C_{p}=120~\mbox{fF}\). The currents carried by the parasitic capacitances and the direct channels are comparable, thus interference effects occur and reversed circulation is strongly enhanced.