Table 2 Four tested PMTs, their corresponding nominal fluences, equivalent to in-orbit exposures over 6, 12, and 24 months, their DCRs, afterpulsing probabilities, and jitters before and after radiation, and their detection efficiency. PMTs were not powered during the radiation. The PMT from group 9 was not irradiated, and kept as a control
From: Mitigating radiation damage of single photon detectors for space applications
Group | Fluence @ 100 MeV, protons/cm 2 | Before irradiation | After irradiation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DRC, cps | Afterpulsing, % | Jitter, ps | DCR, cps | Afterpulsing, % | Jitter, ps | Efficiency, % | ||
6 | 109 | 6.25 | 3.4 | 600 | 399 | 1.1 | 660 | 23 |
7 | 2 × 109 | 14.4 | 13.8 | 550 | 592 | 0.76 | 640 | 23 |
8 | 4 × 109 | 7 | 166 | 600 | 10 | 45 | 400 | 21 |
9 | 0 | 5 | 0.22 | 590 | 0.5 | 0.22 | 590 | 20 |