Figure 1

(a) A Hong–Ou–Mandel experiment on particles a and b probes their quantum statistics, for the initial three-particle quantum state described in Eq. (1). The measurement result of the spin of particle c determines the quantum statistics of particles a and b. (b) For \(\phi '=0\), bosonic bunching events occur in coincidence with spin ↑, while fermionic anti-bunching events occur together with the result spin ↓; see Eq. (3). The spin state and the quantum statistics randomly take on different outcomes and are both undetermined until all parties are measured