Figure 1From: Quantum encryption of superposition states with quantum permutation pad in IBM quantum computersA sample encryption circuit of a plaintext block being encrypted with QPP using Qiskit on an IBM Quantum system. The initialization operator produces an initial state vector that corresponds to a given specified binary string. The Permutation Operator encrypts the state vector to produce a cipher state, which is then measured. This illustration corresponds to our previous work [25, 26]Back to article page